Alessandria

Alessandria is a city and commune in the Piedmont region of northwestern Italy, and is the capital of the Province of Alessandria. It is situated between the Tanaro and Bormida rivers, and is known for its rich history, military heritage, and famous hat-making tradition.

History and Significance

• Foundation: The city was founded in 1168 by the Lombard League as a defensive bastion against Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. It was named in honor of Pope Alexander III.
• Military Hub: Alessandria has long been a significant military and strategic center. It is closely associated with the Battle of Marengo (1800), where Napoleon Bonaparte triumphed against the Austrian army.
• Industry: The city is a major industrial and logistics hub. It is famously known as the birthplace of the Borsalino hat-making company, a luxury brand recognized worldwide.

Key Attractions and Things to Do

• Cittadella di Alessandria: This immense, star-shaped, 18th-century fortress is one of the best-preserved examples of military architecture in Europe. It stands across the Tanaro River from the city center and offers a glimpse into its military past.
• Piazza della Libertà (Liberty Square): The city’s main square and civic heart, surrounded by elegant buildings like the Palazzo Ghilini (Town Hall).
• Alessandria Cathedral (Cattedrale di San Pietro): Rebuilt in the 19th century in a neoclassical style, it is the most important religious building in the city.
• Museo Civico di Palazzo Cuttica: An 18th-century aristocratic residence housing fine art, historical artifacts, and local history exhibits.
• Ponte Meier: A modern, white steel bridge that links the city center with the Cittadella, offering scenic views.
• Borsalino Museum: This museum is dedicated to the history of the world-famous Borsalino hat brand, which originated in Alessandria in 1857.
• Museo di Marengo: Located near the city, this museum is dedicated to the historical artifacts and exhibits related to the Battle of Marengo.

Cuisine and Local Specialties

Alessandria’s cuisine is a flavorful blend of rich Piedmontese tradition, with influences from neighboring Liguria.

• Savory Dishes:
  • Agnolotti al Plin: Small, pinched stuffed pasta, a specialty of the Piedmont region, often served with a roast meat sauce, butter and sage, or in broth.
  • Bagna Càuda: A warm, garlicky, anchovy and olive oil dip, typically served with raw or cooked vegetables.
  • Pollo alla Marengo (Chicken Marengo): A traditional chicken dish said to have been created for Napoleon’s chef after the Battle of Marengo.
  • Rabaton: Small dumplings made with ricotta, spinach, and egg.
• Sweets and Desserts:
  • Baci di Dama: (“Lady’s Kisses”) Small, bite-sized cookies, made from two hazelnut-almond hemispheres joined by a layer of chocolate cream.
  • Krumiri: A characteristic, curved, buttery biscuit from the Monferrato area.
• Wine and Cheese: The region is a gateway to the famous Piedmontese wine country. Local wines include Barbera (red) and Cortese di Gavi (white). Local cheeses include Robiola and the historic Montebore.