Suetsumuhana

Suetsumuhana is a notable character in the classic Japanese novel, The Tale of Genji, written by Murasaki Shikibu in the early 11th century. Her name is a nickname given to her by the protagonist, Hikaru Genji, and translates to “Safflower.”

Character and Personality

Suetsumuhana is a very minor princess, the daughter of the late Prince Hitachi. She is known for her striking, though somewhat plain, appearance and her deeply old-fashioned ways. Her most prominent and defining feature, which is often a source of Genji’s amusement and occasional pity, is her long, red-tipped nose.

Her character is defined by:

• A Lack of Modernity: Suetsumuhana is a product of a strict, conservative upbringing. She lacks the grace, social wit, and artistic sophistication expected of a woman in Genji’s aristocratic circle. She doesn’t understand the popular literary references or the modern games and music that Genji and his friends enjoy.
• Loyalty and Earnestness: Despite her social shortcomings, she is portrayed as incredibly earnest, kind, and loyal. She is one of the few women in Genji’s life who remains steadfastly devoted to him, even after he has forgotten about her for long periods.
• Musical Talent: While she is lacking in many other artistic pursuits, she is a skilled musician, particularly with the koto (a Japanese string instrument), which is one of the few things Genji genuinely appreciates about her.

Her Role in the Narrative

Genji’s relationship with Suetsumuhana is a key part of his romantic journey, but not in a passionate way. He first pursues her out of curiosity and a sense of novelty, as she is a woman from a past era who lives in a secluded, rundown estate. After a brief affair, he grows bored of her simple nature and old-fashioned ways and essentially abandons her.

Suetsumuhana, however, never gives up hope. She spends years living in poverty, patiently waiting for Genji to return. Her unwavering loyalty and simple dignity eventually elicit Genji’s pity and respect. He eventually arranges for her financial security and a place to live, not out of love, but out of a sense of duty and compassion.

Significance of Her Character

Suetsumuhana serves as a literary foil to many of the other women in Genji’s life. She represents a different kind of woman: not the unattainable ideal like Fujitsubo, the passionate and jealous lover like Lady Rokujō, or the intellectually witty rival like Akashi’s daughter.

She embodies a type of tragic nobility—a woman who maintains her dignity and fidelity in a world that values superficial charm and fleeting relationships. Her story, though sad, is also a commentary on the complexities of love, social class, and the expectations placed on women in Heian-era Japan. Genji’s relationship with her, characterized by a lack of emotional depth on his part and an abundance of genuine devotion on hers, highlights both his own emotional immaturity and his capacity for compassion.